Study Sanhedrin folio 59A with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
The Talmud challenges: But the mitzva of establishing courts of judgment is a mitzva to stand up and take action, and nevertheless he counts it among the 7 mitzvot. The Talmud answers: This mitzva contains a requirement to stand up and take action, i.e., the obligation to establish courts and carry
And R' Yoḥanan says: A non-Jew who engages in Torah study is liable to receive the death penalty; as it is stated: “Moses commanded us a law [torah], an inheritance of the congregation of Jacob” (Deuteronomy 33:4), indicating that it is an inheritance for us, and not for them.
The Talmud challenges: But if so, let the tanna count this prohibition among the 7 Noahide mitzvot. The Talmud explains: According to the one who says that the verse is referring to the Torah as an inheritance, this prohibition is included in the prohibition of robbery, as a non-Jew who studies To
The Talmud raises an objection to R' Yoḥanan’s statement from a baraita: R' Meir would say: From where is it derived that even a non-Jew who engages in Torah study is considered like a High Priest? It is derived from that which is stated: “You shall therefore keep My statutes and My ordinances, wh
The Talmud answers: There, in the baraita, the reference is to a non-Jew who engages in the study of their 7 mitzvot. It is a mitzva for a non-Jew to study the halakhot that pertain to the 7 Noahide mitzvot, and when he does so he is highly regarded.